زندگی بزرگان تاریخ

زندگی نامه ی ماهاتما گاندی

مهانداس کارامچاند گاندی، زادهٔ ۲ اکتبر ۱۸۶۹/ ۱۰ مهر ۱۲۴۸ خورشیدی. رهبر سیاسی و معنوی هندی‌ها بود که ملت هند را در راه آزادی از استعمار امپراتوری بریتانیا رهبری کرد. او در طول زندگی‌اش استفاده از هر نوع ترور و خشونت برای رسیدن به مقاصد را رد می‌کرد. فلسفهٔ بی‌خشونتی گاندی که خود نام «ساتیاگراها» (در زبان سانسکریت به‌معنای تلاش و کوشش برای رسیدن به حقیقت و تحت‌اللفظی: محکم گرفتن حقیقت) روی بسیاری از جنبش‌های مقاومت بدون خشونت در سراسر جهان و تا امروز تأثیرگذارده‌است.

در  سطوح بالاتر تیلا، داستان های تاریخی، زندگی نامه بزرگان و داستان های بزرگ دنیا به صورت مفصل گنجانده شده است .

Many, many years ago, when the British ruled India, 
a baby was born in Porbandar.
The parents, Karamchand Bandhi and Putlibai,
were dilighted with their fourth child. But no 
one thought that this baby, named Mohandas
Karamchand Gandhi, 
would grow up and change the world, forever.
Baby Mohandas grew up to be a very shy child.
He rarely left his mother’s side.
He  followed her around at home, went with her to 
the temple and sat through long prayers.
He was too shy to make friends at school and 
world run back home to be with his mother.
When Mohandas was about seven, his family 
moved to the town of Rajkot.
At school, Mohandas was not a brilliant student.
He worked on his lessons to keep his teachers happy.
He rarely read on his own.
Once, however, he happened to find a 
book on the story of Shravan Kunar,
it was about a youth, so devoted to his blind
parents, he carried them on his own
shoulders and look them on a pilgrimage.
Mohandas vowed, in his mind, 
to be as devoted to his parents as
Shravan Kumar.
Around the same time, he watched a play on 
Harishchandra. It was about a king who
suffered great thoubles because he always 
wanted to be truthful.
Twelve-years-old Mohandas started feeling that
truth could be worshipped like God.
When Mohandas was thirteen, his family
decided to got him married to Kasturba, a
Girl of his age.
It was normal in those times to get such
young persons married.
After a while, Mohandas went back to school.
His friends started coaxing him to eat meat.
Mohandas’s family was vegetarian.
Yet, he took to meat secretly after his friend 
made him believe that it was the only way to 
become strong. But soon, Mohandas started 
feeling it was more important to true to his 
parents and so gave up meat.
Soon after, Mohandas caught a fancy for
smoking. He even started stealing coins to 
buy quilt and wrote a note, who was sick in 
bed.
His father read the note with tears in his
eyes and tore it up. Mohandas never 
cheated or lied again.
When Mohandas completed college, his father had died. 
His elder brother and mother decided
to send him to England to become a lawyer.
Before leaving home, he promised his mother
never to touch meat or wine.
In England, he found it difficult to keep his
promise. he had to go without a proper
meal till he found a vegetarian  restaurant.
Mohandas met others there who had
given up meat by choice. he started reading 
book on being vegetarian. soon, he
made up his mind to stay vegetarian.
But in dress and habits, he tried to copy the 
English. He spent a lot of money trying to look,
talk and dance like an English gentleman.
He gave up all this when he realised that clothes
would not change the person inside him.
He started living a simple life and walked a lot.
This gave him good exercise and also 
helped to save bus money. He made friends and
read many books.
One of them was the Bhagaved Gita in 
English. He also read and liked the Bible,
which was given to him by a Christian friend.
When he completed his studies, Mohandasset set
sail for India. Things had changed at home,
however. His mother had died. His brother 
advised him to practice law in the courts of
Bombay.
Mohandas did not know much about Indian law
and was to nervous to argue his case in the 
court.
Back in Rajkot, Mohandas spent time 
educating his son and nephew. When he
got an offer to work in South Africa, he 
thought it would be a good chance to earn 
some money.
But a very different future awaited 
the twenty-four-year old, who boarded the ship
tor Durban.
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